Advanced coronary artery disease & Stroke Screening

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of heart disease. Heart and cerebrovascular disease rank second after cancer as a cause of death in Hong Kong.

According to statistics from the Department of Health, coronary heart disease deaths accounted for 66.6% of all deaths caused by heart disease in 2015.

Coronary arteries are a system of blood vessels that supply heart muscles with oxygen and nutrients to keep the heart functioning.

It is so called because the system of arteries is in the shape of a corona.
If, for any reason, the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, blood flow to the heart will diminish and the supply of oxygen to the heart muscles will decrease or stop.  The patient will have chest pain and in the severe case a heart attack.

Major risk factors of CHD include smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity, elevated blood pressure, sub-optimal blood lipid levels,and increased blood glucose levels or diabetes. While CHD typically occurs in middle-age or later,its incidence usually reflects a cumulative exposure to CHD risk factors over decades.

Strokes, also known as cerebrovascular accidents, occur when the arteries of the brain become ‘blocked’ or ‘burst’, depriving the brain cells of nutrients and oxygen. As a result, the affected nervous tissue die, causing a number of nervous disorders.

Symptoms of a stroke include the following:

1. Paralysis of the body and / or limbs
2. Slurred speech
3. Drooping lip
4. Double vision
5. In severe cases, the patient may go into a coma or die
6. Difficulty in swallowing
7. Incontinence
8. Numbness in part of the body
9. Drooling of saliva

Factors increase the risk of stroke:

1. Smoking
2. Age – the risk of stroke increases with age
3. High blood pressure
4. High blood cholesterol le
   vel
5. Overweight
6. Lack of exercise
7. Congenital brain aneurysms and abnormalities
8. Other illnesses such as diabetes, rheumatic heart disease can greatly increase the risk of stroke.

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